浮雕是在平面的底板上对立的人物和景物等用压缩的方法加以塑造，它的视觉形体尺寸比例长宽不变，前后的尺寸(厚度)要压缩称为浮雕。在压缩的基础上运用形体凹凸的面，以及受光所造成的明暗幻觉、透视关系来表现它的立体感和空间感。浮雕雕塑操作时的处理方法可分为几类:

Relief is the compression method used to mold the opposite characters and scenery on the flat bottom plate. Its visual body size ratio is the same as the length and width, and the front and back size (thickness) should be compressed, which is called relief. On the basis of compression, it uses the concave convex surface of the body, the light and dark illusion caused by light, and the perspective relationship to express its sense of three-dimensional and space. The treatment methods for the operation of relief sculpture can be divided into several categories:

①高浮雕，形状较厚，压缩比不大，高点到低点的面间距大。古代石窟具有高浮雕。这种形式的浮雕适合室内使用。

① High relief, thick shape, small compression ratio, and large surface spacing from high point to low point. Ancient Grottoes have high relief. This form of relief is suitable for indoor use.

②战国时期“昭陵六马”古雕和希腊巴泰神庙的装饰浮雕，虽然体积相当厚实，但压缩比比较大，形状波动不大。距离很小。这种浮雕形式适用于建筑装饰和纪念性应用。

② Although the ancient carvings of "six horses in Zhaoling" and the decorative relief carvings of the Greek Batai temple in the Warring States period are quite thick, their compression ratio is relatively large and their shape fluctuates little. The distance is very small. This form of relief is suitable for architectural decoration and commemorative applications.

③银币和奖章上使用的浮雕基本加工方法相同，但由于面积小，也做薄，高低面很小，通常称为低浮雕，或薄浮雕。

③ The basic processing method of relief used on silver coins and medals is the same, but due to the small area, it is also thin, and the high and low surface is very small, which is usually called low relief, or thin relief.

④文艺复兴时期，吉佩尔蒂在佛罗伦萨洗礼堂两扇门上的浮雕非常大，采用了绘画透视法，称为透视浮雕。

④ During the Renaissance, gipperti used a very large relief on the two doors of the Florence Baptistery, which was called perspective relief.

⑤我国民间浮雕包括以上几种浮雕，有散光透视和焦点透视，加工方法丰富多彩。

⑤ Chinese folk relief includes the above several kinds of relief, including astigmatism perspective and focus perspective, and the processing methods are rich and colorful.

另外，山东浮雕雕塑厂家提醒各位，浮雕初学者容易遇到的问题：压缩不当，比如圆雕被切成两半（厚）贴在底板上的问题。因此，掌握浮雕的规则是很有必要的。

In addition, Shandong relief sculpture manufacturers remind you of the problems that beginners of relief sculpture are likely to encounter: improper compression, such as the round sculpture being cut into two halves (thick) and pasted on the bottom plate. Therefore, it is necessary to master the rules of relief.

①轮廓要准确，更换塑料粘土时，要反复修正修正。

① The contour shall be accurate. When replacing plastic clay, it shall be corrected repeatedly.

②确认高点和低点，高点是浮雕的突出部分，接近我们视点的部分。低点一般不超过压花底板平面，不能控制进泥底板。

② Confirm the high point and low point. The high point is the protruding part of the relief, which is close to our viewpoint. The low point generally does not exceed the plane of the embossed bottom plate, and the mud inlet bottom plate cannot be controlled.

③将主层次和面的方向分开，面的方向以车身结构为准。

③ Separate the main layer from the direction of the face, and the direction of the face shall be subject to the body structure.

④浮雕物体靠近视线的部分压缩较少，远离视线的部分压缩较多。

④ The part of the relief object close to the line of sight is compressed less, and the part away from the line of sight is compressed more.

⑤高低浮雕来自比较，如面的水平、体积、方向等要相互比较。透视关系与平面转弯的关系一目了然。这样一来，即使不提泥，也会觉得高，不控制低，就会觉得深。

⑤ High and low reliefs come from comparison. For example, the level, volume and direction of the surface should be compared with each other. The relationship between perspective and plane turning is clear at a glance. In this way, even if you don't mention the mud, you will feel high. If you don't control the low, you will feel deep.

⑥光在浮雕中很重要，要利用表面与光的虚幻关系。还要注意艺术的视觉效果。

⑥ Light is very important in relief. We should make use of the illusory relationship between surface and light. Pay attention to the visual effect of art.

浮雕的边缘应保持一定的厚度。它是根据形状和结构来确定的。它必须是圆形的，并且不应看起来像被切成两半并附在粘土板上。有必要在平面上尽量表现体积感和空间感。.注重整体关系，注理状态的刻画。

The edges of the relief shall be kept to a certain thickness. It is determined by shape and structure. It must be round and should not appear to be cut in half and attached to a clay board. It is necessary to show the sense of volume and space on the plane as much as possible Pay attention to the overall relationship and the depiction of psychological state.

浮雕应在直立（垂直）或略微倾斜一或二十度的支架上进行，不应平放。这使用光来创建阴影来检查形状。

The relief shall be carried out on an upright (vertical) or slightly inclined bracket of one or twenty degrees, and shall not be placed horizontally. This uses light to create shadows to check the shape.

浮雕是雕塑的一种表现形式，是雕塑学习过程中不可缺少的一门课程，所以如果您有相关问题要了解或者说，您有定制雕塑的需求可以关注网站www.aswjc.com来联系我们咨询事宜！

Relief is a form of expression of sculpture and an indispensable course in the process of sculpture learning. Therefore, if you have relevant questions to understand or you have a need for customized sculpture, you can follow the website www.aswjc Com to contact us for consultation!